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Blue Moon MK1 cargo lander on a south pole ridge at dusk.
NASA Moon Base program

Walk the south pole NASA is building toward

This is NASA's cargo-first Moon Base: landers put hardware on the land, then crew arrives. I, II, and III are NASA names, not fly order. Griffin-1 (II) is first on the clock.

  1. IEndurance · Blue Origin · Moon Base I cargo
  2. IIGriffin-1 · Astrobotic · next on the clock · Nobile
  3. IIITrinity · Intuitive Machines · south pole cargo
  4. CrewArtemis III docks in Earth orbit. IV takes the first boots.
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Near side of the Moon, LROC WAC mosaic, NASA / GSFC / Arizona State University

Photograph: NASA / GSFC / Arizona State University, LROC WAC nearside mosaic, public domain. The near-side plate is that photograph, clipped to the disk, under an orthographic graticule. The south pole plate is drawn, not photographed. Sites are the planned or intended target. Hard landings and flights that never arrived stay at the site they aimed for.

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Inside the stack / 08

Türkiye's first Moon spacecraft, built down to the motor

SpaceX holds the agreement to put AYAP-1 into Earth orbit in the first half of 2027. From there DeltaV's Hybrid Propulsion System (HIS) does the lunar transfer, the roughly 100 km polar science orbit, and the planned hard impact. TÜBİTAK UZAY built the roughly 3.5 t TstarD-100 bus for the Turkish Space Agency under AYAP; 56 of 65 mission-critical parts are domestic; four science payloads ride along.

Open the ride split ↓

Moon Imports · Prepared 6 October 2026 · 8 min read

Three scenes for AYAP-1: SpaceX Earth orbit handoff; DeltaV HIS lunar transfer; polar science orbit then planned hard impact on the TÜBİTAK TstarD-100 bus for TUA.
01 / SPACEXEarth orbit handoff for AYAP-1 · first half 2027
02 / DELTAV HISHybrid lunar transfer, orbit hold, and impact burns
03 / AYAP-1 SCIENCE → IMPACT~100 km polar science, then planned hard impact · TÜBİTAK bus / TUA program
Moon Imports · AYAP-1 path: SpaceX to Earth orbit, DeltaV HIS for lunar transfer and orbit, then polar science and a planned hard impact. Concept illustration, not flight photography. View at full size ↗

Today / September–October 2026

TÜBİTAK finishes AYAP-1 integration and opens USET testing

The news of the week is hardware on the floor. TÜBİTAK UZAY has completed manufacturing, assembly, and integration of AYAP-1 at OPMER and moved the roughly 3.5 tonne spacecraft into system level environmental testing at Turkish Aerospace's USET center. TÜBİTAK staff run the acoustic, vibration, thermal vacuum, and EMC campaign. The customer is the Turkish Space Agency under the Lunar Research Program AYAP.

56 of 65 mission-critical components are domestic on the TstarD-100 bus. After SpaceX puts the stack in Earth orbit, DeltaV HIS owns transfer through the planned hard impact. Soft landing is a later AYAP step.TÜBİTAK integration release ↗

Built · in test now

TstarD-100 at USET

OPMER integration done. TÜBİTAK runs the chamber at TAI.

Open the bus ↓
Ride · first half 2027

SpaceX, then DeltaV HIS

Earth orbit agreement on record. Hybrid takes transfer through impact.

Open the ride ↓
AYAP-1 flight → TÜBİTAK UZAY → TstarD-100 job →

Bus and chamber first, then the ride split, science bay, path, and ownership.

01 / Spacecraft

TstarD-100 bus, chambered at USET

~3.5 t · 56 of 65 domestic · OPMER → USET
TUAcustomer →TÜBİTAK UZAY TstarD-100

TÜBİTAK UZAY is the spacecraft prime. TstarD-100 is the deep space member of its Tstar family: power, telecommunications, flight management, attitude and orbit control, and thermal control on one bus, with domestic S-band and X-band radios that carry İMECE and TÜRKSAT 6A flight heritage. Two modules make the vehicle, platform and propulsion. Mass is about 3.5 tonnes. At launch the diameter is about 4.1 meters; with solar panels deployed it opens to roughly 2.7 by 8.3 meters.

Turkish Aerospace hosts USET; TÜBİTAK experts run the acoustic, vibration, thermal vacuum, and EMC campaign there. Final pre-launch work returns to a TÜBİTAK cleanroom at METU, then the spacecraft ships toward Cape Canaveral / Kennedy for launch.TÜBİTAK ↗

TstarD-100 job ↗ USET env test ↗ AYAP-1 spacecraft cargo ↗ TÜBİTAK UZAY ↗ AYAP-1 spacecraft hardware ↗

02 / The ride

Kıraç names SpaceX; DeltaV runs the lunar burns

First half 2027 · booster variant unpublished
SpaceXto →Earth orbitthen →DeltaV HIS

Turkish Space Agency chair Yusuf Kıraç told Anadolu Agency the agency has an agreement with SpaceX to launch AYAP-1 into Earth orbit in the first half of 2027. He has pointed to June as a target inside that window; the booster variant and pad are not in the public record yet.

DeltaV Space Technologies owns the lunar driving. TÜBİTAK names DeltaV as the hybrid propulsion partner. The Hybrid Propulsion System (HIS) is the stage that must transfer, hold the science orbit, and finish the mission. DeltaV's company page lists 650 N average thrust, 290 s specific impulse, and two 100 s burns on high performance solid fuel with nitrous oxide. The IAC-26 C4.11.2 paper describes a 750 N class hybrid with thermoplastic fuel and nitrous oxide, up to three ignitions, and about 300 s total firing.AA / Kıraç ↗ DeltaV AYAP page ↗

SpaceX launch job ↗ DeltaV hybrid job ↗ DeltaV on Moon Imports ↗ SpaceX ↗ TUA ↗

03 / Neutral particles

IRF's Lunar Neutrals Telescope from Kiruna

Flight model delivered June 2026 · Kiruna → Ankara
IRFdelivers →LNPT / LNT

The Swedish Institute of Space Physics built the Lunar Neutrals Telescope (IRF: LNT; TÜBİTAK: Lunar Neutral Particle Telescope, LNPT). From about 100 km it images energetic neutral atoms, mapping how the solar wind hits the lunar surface, including permanently shadowed regions. The flight model left Kiruna for TÜBİTAK UZAY in June 2026.

IRF also built NILS on Chang'e-6, the first ESA instrument on the lunar surface. AYAP-1 puts that heritage into lunar orbit on a Turkish bus.IRF AYAP-1 ↗

LNPT job ↗ LNPT cargo ↗ IRF on Moon Imports ↗

04 / Thermal and radiation

Shenzhen radiometer and a domestic radiation pair

Three instruments after LNPT · surface map + radiation bay
Shenzhen University LNFRmaps →albedo and surface temperature

Three more instruments share that polar science orbit. LNFR looks at the surface; the radiation pair measures the environment the stack flies through.

The Narrow-Angle Lunar Radiometer (LNFR), developed with Shenzhen University, investigates lunar albedo, temperature distribution, and related surface physical parameters. Beside it, a domestically developed Radiation Calorimeter and Radiation Dosimeter characterize the radiation environment in lunar orbit for this mission and for later Turkish lunar work. The 6 October 2026 TÜBİTAK integration release names them only as domestically developed.TÜBİTAK ↗

LNFR job ↗ radiation pair job ↗ LNFR cargo ↗ calorimeter cargo ↗ dosimeter cargo ↗ Shenzhen University ↗

05 / Path

Two months out, polar science, then a planned hard impact

~100 km polar · ≥3 months science · up to ~1.5 years
Translunar coast→polar lunar orbit→controlled hard impact

Transit from Earth orbit to the Moon is about two months. Capture settles into a roughly 100 km polar circular lunar orbit. Nominal science runs at least three months; performance can stretch operations toward about 1.5 years. When the science window closes, the same domestic hybrid that did the transfer performs controlled maneuvers to a planned hard impact.

AYAP-1 flight letter ↗

06 / Ownership

TUA owns AYAP; Artemis Accords on the same timeline

National Space Program · AYAP · Accords signed 31 Aug 2026
TUAowns the program →TÜBİTAK UZAY builds

Turkish Space Agency is the customer for AYAP. TÜBİTAK UZAY is the spacecraft prime; DeltaV owns the hybrid motor; Turkish Aerospace hosts USET; IRF and Shenzhen University fill two of the four payload seats. On 31 August 2026, Türkiye signed the Artemis Accords at NASA Headquarters as the 71st signatory, so the Moon stack and the Accords signature sit on one national timeline.NASA: Türkiye Artemis Accords ↗

TUA on Moon Imports ↗ AYAP-1 flight ↗ SpaceX ↗

Forward look

What this stack is for

AYAP-1 is a national deep space stack with a finished bus, a named Earth orbit launch partner, and a domestic hybrid asked to do transfer, orbit, and planned hard impact. The interesting builder move is HIS: solid fuel and nitrous oxide on one propulsion path from Earth orbit to a planned hard impact. The science bay is already filled, including IRF's neutral particle telescope with Chang'e-6 NILS heritage.

Soft landing belongs to later AYAP steps, not this flight. The next public gates are environmental test closeout, Cape shipment, and a firm SpaceX launch day inside the first half of 2027 window.

Open the News kit · flight card for AYAP-1